The aim of this paper is to present crimes and offenses against the rights of workers in the sphere of broadly understood social security. These acts constitute an important part of social criminal law, however, as in the case of other crimes and offenses from this group, the legislator is far from creating a coherent system which would reflect the hierarchy of legal values and represent effective criminal policy. The study presents primarily problems arising against the background of the scope of Article 218 para. 1a of the Polish Penal Code and the system of sanctions for offenses included in the acts on the social insurance system, on health care benefits financed from public funds and on employee capital plans.