Best prices Special offers for members of the PWE book club The cheapest delivery
DOI: 10.33226/1231-7853.2021.8.1
JEL: L81, M31, M21, M15

Success and failure rates for new products introduced on the market — facts and myths

Conflicting information about the success and failure rates of new products introduced on the market is presented in scientific publications as well as in research reports from consulting agencies and online sources, that have appeared in the last 60 years. Theoretical and empirical research reveals, that despite implementing new product development best practices, many projects fail with new product strategies. But are failure rates as high as 90% true? This would mean, that high costs of product innovation are incurred by many stakeholders, who create a specific network of relationships, not just the enterprise. It can be assumed, that project teams responsible for development and introduction of a new product on the market would not accept such a high risk rate of new product failure, with an extremely low level of business security, including success of new product on the market. The conditions in which companies operate influence the strategic and operational marketing activities of an organization. It is therefore no surprise, that the effects of managing new products, including process of their development, are becoming more and more important issues in the scientific literature and economic practice regarding product innovations. The aim of the article is to present the real market effects of new products, success and failure rates, from the point of view of companies representing various industries. Research measures in the field of marketing and sales effects of new products in enterprises are also proposed. The author assumes that the review and conceptual nature of this research is dominant.

 

Download article
Keywords: new product; marketing; success and failure rates of the new product; new products introduced on the market

References

Bibliografia/References

Adams, M. (2004). Findings from the PDMA Research Foundation CPAS Benchmarking. http://www.pdma.org/shop_pdma_description.cfm?pk_store_product=25

Barczak, G. (1995). New product strategy, structure, process and performance in the telecommunications industry. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 12(3), 224–234. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-5885.1230224

Booz, Allen i Hamilton. (1965). Management of New Products. New York.

Carboni, O. A. i Russu, P. (2018). Complementarity in product, process, and organizational innovation decisions: Evidence from European firms. R&D Management, 48(2), 210–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12284

Castellion, G. i Markham, S. K. (2013). Myths about new product failure rates perspective: New product failure rates: Influence of Argumentum ad populum and self-interest. Journal of Product Innovation & Management, 30(5), 976–979. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2012.01009.x

Cooper, R. G. (1993). Winning at new products. Reading: Addison Wesley.

Cooper, R. G. (2002). Winning at New Products. Accelerating the Process from Idea to Lunch, ed. 3. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Reading Mass.

Cooper, R. G. (2017). Winning at new products: Creating value through innovation (5th ed.). New York: Basic Books.

Cooper, R. G. (2019). The Drivers of Success in New-Product Development. Industrial Marketing Management, 76, 36–47.

Cooper, R. G. (2021). Accelerating innovation: Some lessons from the pandemic. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 38, 221–232. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12565

Cooper, R. G. i Edgett, S. J. (2008). Maximizing productivity in product innovation. Research Technology Management, (1).

Cooper, R. G. i Edgett, S. J. (2003). Benchmarking best practices performance results and the role of senior management. Hamilton. Product Development Institute. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.876.7436&rep=rep1&type=pdf http://www.stage-gate.com/downloads/wp/wp_32.pdf

Crawford, C. M. (1977). Marketing research and the new product failure rate. Journal of Marketing, 41, 51–61.

Crawford, C. M. (1979). New product failure rates — Facts and Fallicies. Research Management, 22(5), 9–13.

Crawford, C. M. (1987). New product failure rates: A reprise. Research Management, 30(4), 20–24.

Christensen, C. M. (2006). The ongoing process of building a theory of disruption. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 23, 39–55.

Christensen, C. M., McDonald, R., Altman, E. J. i Palmer, J. E. (2018). Disruptive Innovation: An Intellectual History and Directions for Future Research. Journal of Management Studies, 55(7). doi: 10.1111/joms. 12349

Engel, S. M. (1994). With Good Reason: An Introduction to Informal Fallacies (Fifth Edition). Boston.

Ernst, H. (2002). Success Factors of New Product Development: A Review of the Empirical Literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 4(1), 1–40.

Githens, G. D. (2002). NPD viewpoint: Developing and using predictive metrics — A useful supplement to ‘reactive’ metrics. VISIONS Magazine, October.

Griffin, A. (1997). PDMA Research on New Product Development Practices: Updating trends and benchmarking best practices. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 14(6), 429–458.

Griffin, A. i Page, A. L. (1996). The PDMA success measurement project: Recommended measures for product development success and failure. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 16(6), 478–496. https://doi. org/10.1111/1540-5885.1360478

House, C. H. i Price, R. L. (1991). The return map: Tracking product teams. Harvard Busineess Review, 69(1), 92–100. Retrieved from https://hbr.org/1991/01/the-return-map-tracking-product-teams

Khosravi, P., Newton, C. i Rezvani, A. (2019). Management innovation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of past decades of research. European Management Journal, 37(6), 694–707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2019.03.003

Kirsner, S. (2015). What big companies get wrong about innovation metrics. Pozyskano z https://hbr.org/2015/05/what-big-companies-get-wrong-aboutinnovation-metrics

Kristiansen, N. J. i Ritala, P. (2018). Measuring radical innovation project success: Typical metrics don't work. Journal of Business Strategy, 39(4), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBS-09-2017-0137

Lee, H i Markham, S. K. (2016). PDMA Comparative Performance Assessment Study (CPAS): Methods and Future Research Directions. Journal of Product Management, 33(S1), 3–19.

Magnier-Watanabe, R. i Benton, C. (2017). Management innovation and firm performance: The mediating effects of tacit and explicit knowledge. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 15(3), 325–335. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41275-017-0058-6

Mu, J, Thomas, E., Peng, G. i Di Benedetto, A. (2017). Strategic orientation and new product development performance: The role of networking capability and networking ability. Industrial Marketing Management, 64, 187–201.

Reinertsen, D. G. i Smith, G. P. (2001). Developing products in half the time. New York: Van Norstrand Reinhold.

Rosa, J. A. (2021). Accelerating innovation and protecting organizations: Pluralism in the COVID-19 age. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 38(2), 233–237.

Rutkowski, I. P. (2007). Rozwój nowego produktu. Metody i uwarunkowania. Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne.

Rutkowski, I. P. (2015). Dojrzałość a poziom bezpieczeństwa i ryzyka w procesie innowacji produktu — podejście modelowe, Marketing i Rynek, (9), 553–565.

Rutkowski, I. P. (2016). Metody innowacji produktu. Macierzowo-sieciowe metody pomiaru dojrzałości procesu innowacji produktu. Poznań: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu.

Stanton, J. (2014). Market View: New Product Success Rate Higher Than Most Believe. Food Processing, March 27. https://www.foodprocessing.com/ articles/2014/new-product-success-rate-higher-than-most-believe/

Stevens, G. A. i Burley, J. (1997). 3,000 Raw Ideas = 1 Commercial Success! Research-Technology Management, 40(3), 16–27, DOI: 10.1080/08956308.1997.11671126

Stevens, G. A. i Burley, J. (1997). 3,000 Raw Ideas = 1 Commercial Success! Research-Technology Management, 40(3), 16–27, DOI: 10.1080/08956308.1997.11671126

The PDMA Glossary for New Product Development (2012). Product Development & Management Association.

Trott, P. (2011). Innovation Management and New Product Development. Prentice Hall. Pearson Education.

Urbanowska-Sojkin, E. (2012). Ryzyko w procesie wyborów strategicznych przedsiębiorstwa. Organizacja i Kierowanie, 149(1A), 165–176.

Vardhan Harsh (2020). Why So Many Product Ideas Fail? Product Center of Exellence, sept. 27. https://medium.com/product-center-of-excellence/whyso-many-product-ideas-fail-6a90af06c15a

Walker, R. (2013). Winning with Risk Management. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific Publishing.

Wheelwright, S. C. i Clark, C. B. (1992). Revolutionizing Product Development. New York: The Free Press.

Wu, D. D., Kefan, X., Gang, C. i Ping, G. (2010). A Risk Analysis Model in Concurrent Engineering Product Development. Risk Analysis, 30(9).

Article price
4.00
Price of the magazine number
15.00
Subscription
197.00 €
158.00
Lowest price in last 30 days: 156.00
get subscription