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Dr Piotr Marciniak
ORCID: 0000-0002-4201-9311

PhD at the Competition Law Department at the Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland. He specializes on chambers of commerce worldwide in the context of economic, administrative and constitutional law combined with an interdisciplinary approach. Co-founder and member of the Chambers of Commerce International Research Group. Creator and editor of the portal Chambers.pl. Originator of international scientific conferences connecting researchers and representatives of chambers of commerce. He also publishes on the law of new technologies, particularly on issues related to cybersecurity – especially software vulnerabilities. Former leader of a business environment organizations. Entrepreneur and telecommunications market expert. Head or member of several government expert teams.

 
DOI: 10.33226/0137-5490.2024.12.1
JEL: K20, K23, L31, L33, L38, P16

The evolution of socio-economic institutions, to which chambers of commerce belong, is natural due to the dynamic changes in economic processes and markets. The survey results discussed in the study draw a picture of today's business environment organizations and entrepreneurs' perception of their activities. Most respondents stressed the need for member support, including networking, as well as the need for organisations to play an active role in legal consultations. A possible change of the system of chambers of commerce in Poland from private law to public law should not be based on simple copying of foreign solutions. Research results and the selection of modern, effective model solutions should precede and become the basis for a good draft bill that will be understood and supported by entrepreneurs, the government, and other stakeholders.

Keywords: chambers of commerce; business environment organizations; sectoral model
DOI: 10.33226/0137-5490.2020.10.5
JEL: K240

The firmware installed on IoT devices is responsible for their proper operation. It may have not only bugs, but also elements hidden from the buyer or the lack of any cybersecurity mechanisms. This is an extremely dangerous situation for any user, including professionals. The study introduces the applicable regulations in the field of producer responsibility for software deficiencies and errors, presenting significant lack of the protection of buyers from B2B and B2A sectors. The conclusions, pointing to the advisability of extending the regulations on defective products applicable to the consumer market, include de lege ferenda postulates.

Keywords: IoT; software; copyright; defective product; producer liability