Best prices Special offers for members of the PWE book club The cheapest delivery
DOI: 10.33226/0032-6186.2025.2.4
JEL: J68; J81; J83

Towards an improvement in the legal status of trainees – legislative trends in EU law and Polish standards for the legal regulation of traineeships

Traineeships are an important instrument for acquiring practical work skills and work experience. They are perceived as a bridge between education or temporary unemployment-related deactivation and permanent employment. Due to the far-reaching differentiation of the legal regulation of this institution, recently, especially at the level of EU law, attention has been drawn to the necessity of taking measures to improve the working conditions of trainees (including decent remuneration) and raising the quality of traineeships. This article presents the latest legislative trends in this area at the level of EU law, against their background, the Polish standards of legal regulation of traineeships.

Download article
Keywords: traineeship; apprenticeship; decent remuneration; social protection; equal treatment

References

Bibliografia/References

Antonów, K. (2015). Położenie socjalne osób pozostających w zatrudnieniu niepracowniczym. W: K.W. Baran (Red.), System prawa pracy. Tom VII. Zatrudnienie niepracownicze (s. 702–741). Wolters Kluwer.

Barański, M. (2018). Reżim prawny umowy o praktykę absolwencką. Kwartalnik Prawa Prywatnego, 27(2), 527–542.

Brown, G., Ciutacu, C., Naaf, S. et al. (2012). Study on a comprehensive overview on traineeship in member states. Final synthesis report. Publications Office. https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/19623a37-37ee-4a60-b7ba-14a55526012f

Eleveld, A., Bazzani, T., De Le Cour, A. & Staszewska, E. (2022). Implementation of the European Youth Guarantee and the Right to Work: A comparative Analysis of Traineeship Programmes under the EU Active Labour Market Policy. International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 38(3), 269–298. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2022013

European Commission. (2016). Commission Staff Working Document. Applying the Quality Framework for Ttraineeships. https://eur-lex. europa.eu/legal-content/DA/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52016SC0324

European Commission. (2023). Commission Staff Working Document. Evaluation of the Council Recommendation on a Quality Framework for Traineeships. SWD (2023) 10 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52023SC0009

European Commission. (2023a). Consultation document. Second-phase consultation of social partners under Article 154 TFUE on a possible action furtherimproving the quality of traineeships. C(2023) 6610 final. https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_23_4606

European Commission. (2024). Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on improving and enforcing working conditions of trainees and combating regular employment relationships disguised as traineeships ("Traineeships Directive"). COM/2024/132 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52024PC0132

European Commission. (2024a). Proposal for a Concil recomendation on a reinforced Quality Framework for Traineeships. COM/2024/133 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=comnat:COM_2024_0133_FIN

Europejski Trybunał Obrachunkowy (2024). Działania UE dotyczące staży dla młodych ludzi. Przegląd, (01). https://www.eca.europa.eu/ ECAPublications/RV-2024-01/RV-202401_PL.pdf

Hadijvassiliou, K. (2012). Study on a comprehensive overview on traineeship arrangements in Member States. Final Synthesis Report. Publications Office of the European Union. https://op.europa.eu/publication-detail/-/publication/19623a37-37ee-4a60-b7ba-14a55526012f

Helme, J. (2024). The Problems and Paradoxes with the EU's Regulation of Traineeships: A Way Forward. Industrial Law Journal, 53(4), pp. 679–710. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/indlaw/dwae022

Müller, K. (2022). Traineeships in the EU. European added value assessment. https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/ en/document/EPRS_STU(2022)699459

Owens, R. & Stewart, A. (2016). Regulating for decent work experience: meeting the challenge of the rise of the intern. International Labour Review, 155(4), pp. 679–709. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ilr.12013

Rosin, A. (2016). Precariousness of Trainees Working in the Framework of Traineeship Agreement. The International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations, 32(2), pp. 131–159. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2016008

Rosin, A. (2017). Labour law protection of trainees. Annales Universitatis Turkuensis. Vol. 442, Humaniora. https://www.utupub.fi/ bitstream/handle/10024/144090/AnnalesB442Rosin.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Skąpski, M. (2015). Zatrudnienie niepracownicze na podstawie umowy o praktykę oraz staż absolwencki. W: K.W. Baran (Red.), System prawa pracy. Tom VII. Zatrudnienie niepracownicze (s. 224–254). Wolters Kluwer.

Stewart, A. (2021). The nature and prevalance of internships. In: A. Stewart, R. Owens, N. O'Higgins & A. Hewitt (Eds.), Internships, Employability and Search for Decent Work Expierence (pp. 17–33). International Labour Organization. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/ 9781800885042

Stewart, A., Owens R., Hewitt, A. & Nikoloudakis, I. (2018). The regulation of internships: A comparative study. Employment Working Paper No. 240, International Labour Organisation 2018.

Stewart, A., Owens, R., O'Higgins, N. & Hewitt A. (2021). Developing new standards for internships. In: A. Stewart, R. Owens, N. O'Higgins & A. Hewitt (Eds.), Internships, Employability and Search for Decent Work Expierence (pp. 335–348). International Labour Organization. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800885042

Świątkowski, A. (2019). Uznanie za pracownika osoby zatrudnionej na podstawie umowy cywilnoprawnej. Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica 88, 43–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/0208-6069.88.05

Article price
5.00
Price of the magazine number
19.00
Subscription
225.00 €
180.00
Lowest price in last 30 days: 180.00
get subscription