Material Economy and Logistics 03/2021

Trade in Poland has been changing dynamically for many years. This state of affairs was largely influenced by the increasing access to the Internet, and hence the emergence of new opportunities for concluding commercial transactions without direct contact between the seller and the customer. Facilitations related to selling and buying are not the only advantages of the increasingly important e-commerce. Along with the increasing number of transactions, the dynamic development is noted in logistics, without which no type of trade could exist. It is about both the transport of goods and the flow of information that, thanks to the use of the Internet, quickly reach the customer from the seller. The aim of the article is to present the development of e-commerce in 2010–2019 resulting from the possibilities of using the Internet. The main research problem of the article is an attempt to answer the question: "Does the development of e-commerce affect modern logistics?".

The aim of the article is to identify the conditions of the scope of logistics activities performed during the handling of returns and complaints, and to show the possibility of implementing modern system technologies in the management of logistics processes. The research problem undertaken was specified as follows: "What is the essence of managing the logistics process of returns and complaints based on IT infrastructure in the enterprise?" While preparing the article, the method of examining the content of documents and the method of analysis, including statistical analysis and literature review, were used. The first part of the article presents the results of the research on the requirements and standards of modern logistics management through the prism of its selected systems as well as the functions and tasks assigned to these systems. The second, main part of the article concerns the importance and requirements for IT infrastructure used in the logistics processes of returns and complaints. This section also highlights the impact of the RFID environment on the functioning of logistics processes for returns and complaints in commercial enterprises.

Transport and warehouse management contribute to the creation of GDP. This branch of the economy is very sensitive to the current economic situation. Its high turnover results in an increase in socio-economic development with a certain delay. But if it doesn't have enough work, we can expect an economic recession. In our country, transport and storage account for approx. 6% of GDP. From year to year, this indicator increases slightly (5.3% in 2010). The department of these specific services employed approx. 709 thousand people in 2018, when 10 years ago it was by 106 thousand people less. The transport fleet is improving, both in terms of numbers and quality. In the years 2007–2018, the transport performance in cargo transport increased significantly with a decrease in the transport of passengers in mass transport. There are more and more specialized warehouse spaces (warehouses, silos, cold stores). All in all, this industry is slowly becoming a Polish specialty. Our economy and society benefit from it, because GDP grows all the time along with its development.

Logistics focused on the market, customer service and its appropriate level began to become priorities in activities. It was forced by the phenomenon of the formation of a logistic network observed in the markets today, the significant integration of many enterprises and organizations within one supply chain, and a significant increase in the role of the latest technologies in logistics activities. Due to the observed changes, many entities present on the market nowadays treat logistics as a kind of strategic opportunity. Unfortunately, we still know too little about the problem of using logistics as an important element of gaining a competitive advantage, therefore the aim of the article is to present the possibilities of logistics in improving the position of enterprises in a competitive market and to show its importance for the organization.

The topic of the article is a prediction of sales volume in the IT company Comarch calculated with the method of exponential equalization using a one-parameter Brown model on the basis of conducted theoretical and empirical research. The main objective of the undertaken research was to calculate predictions for the next two quarters (third and fourth) of 2020, on the basis of obtained empirical data from 2016–2020.

On the other side, the research problem concerned the proper use of the Brown model for predicting sales volumes, in order to obtain a more precise prediction. The theoretical and practical approach to the problem of research made it possible to attempt to organize the area of knowledge related to Brown's model prediction, including mainly the smoothing of the time series using the exponential equalization method.

The fundamental intent of the following article is to reveal the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the Polish enterprise performance during the coronavirus pandemic. The time range covers the fourth quarter of 2019 and the first half of 2020. The article contains successively the essence of COVID-19, the condition of enterprises in the current conditions, and outlines the actions of the Polish Government caused by the pandemic. Due to the lack of compact studies on SARS-CoV-2, the article is based on publicly available data on the websites of the World Health Organization as well as Polish ministerial institutions.