Zróżnicowanie efektywności sektora towarowego transportu drogowego w Unii Europejskiej

Celem artykułu jest określenie i porównanie efektywności sektorów towarowego transportu drogowego w krajach UE przy wykorzystaniu metody Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). DEA jest wielowymiarową metodą badania efektywności, umożliwiającą porównanie wielu efektów z wieloma nakładami. W ramach badań obliczono model DEA ukierunkowany na maksymalizację efektów. Jako efekty uwzględniono: przychody sektora transportu drogowego (mln euro) oraz pracę przewozową (tkm), zaś jako nakłady uwzględniono: zatrudnienie (tys. os.); długość sieci drogowej (km); zużycie energii (Mtoe); zarejestrowane pojazdy ciężarowe (szt.). Wyniki badań wskazują, że 10 z 28 badanych sektorów transportu w UE było w pełni efektywnych. Dla sektorów nieefektywnych, bazując na koncepcji benchmarkingu, zaproponowano zmiany w poziomie efektów.

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