Material Economy and Logistics 5/2020

The issue of value perceived by customers provided to them by e-tailers is a relatively new research area. Despite of the existence of a number of studies in this field of factors shaping value for the end-buyers, still few of them apply to the specificity of e-commerce. In addition online sellers are described as the only providers of value to the buyer. Thus, the role of other entities creating value is ignored. The purpose of the article is therefore to identify the factors that in the opinion of customers shape the value of online shopping, as well as to diagnose their (clients') awareness of the need for cooperation of a number of entities in the process of delivering the expected value. The article will present the results of qualitative empirical research, in which the point of view of final buyers was adopted.

Cities are the engines of economic development — between them flows of capital take place, they are the most important centers of education and innovation. More than half of the world's population lives in cities and this number will increase further. Rapid development of urban areas is becoming an increasing challenge for urban planners, especially when it comes to planning transport and logistics systems for passenger and goods flows in urban areas. However, urbanization is conducive to innovations that lead to the design and implementation of new models for organizing flows in cities. The article will present organizational concepts of crowd logistics solutions aimed at streamlining and optimizing the processes of passenger and cargo flows in urban areas. The analysis will cover the possibilities of using the crowd logistics concept, the types of solutions that can be used in this regard, as well as the benefits resulting from their implementation. The author will review the crowd logistics experience and solutions used in metropolitan areas.

Recently the aviation industry is growing faster than it was forecasted. Polish airport mostly have their origins in early 20th Century, and most of them were constructed for military purposes. Over the time the airports were developed within the given area without anticipating limitations of urban space. Presently, spatial development of most airports is seriously hindered due to dynamic expansion of urban development. It has reached the point where both the airport and the city suffocate each other's territorial expansion. Cohabitation of urban space and airports creates a threat of the phenomenon of spatial disorientation. The present article discusses the problem faced by pilots experiencing spatial disorientation which is a threat to aviation operations safety. In fact, most cases regarding spatial disorientation are provoked by incoherent spatial management and the airport location within the physical space. Conclusions are drawn based on the research carried out where pilots with different backgrounds and levels of experience expressed their opinions on the causes of spatial disorientation related with the location of the airport in the urban area.

The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the synthetic indicator of innovativeness of Polish enterprises in the H sector - transport and storage and its individual components on the financial liquidity of the third level of Polish enterprises in the H sector in 2008–2019. The main part of the study presents the results of the survey carried out based on data from Eurostat and the Central Statistical Office in 2009–2016 with the forecast for 2017–2019. In order to determine the relationship between the synthetic indicator of innovativeness of Polish enterprises in the H sector — transport and storage and its individual components and the financial liquidity of the third level of Polish enterprises in the H sector, the estimation was carried out using the Classic Method of Least Squares. The obtained results indicate a functional dependence between the financial liquidity of the third degree of Polish enterprises in the H sector and a synthetic indicator of innovation of Polish enterprises and its components: number of enterprises, investment rate, R & D expenditure, product and process innovations of enterprises.

The aim of the article is to identify strategic groups operating on the Polish market in the tour operator industry and to analyze competition in the industry. The conducted research enabled the selection of factors differentiating tour operators from the Polish market, selection of variables in the strategic groups mapping and, as a result, the preparation of strategic groups map of the sector. Based on the map, a basic analysis of the sector's competition was presented.

Sharing economy and common consumption are issues that are increasingly addressed in the contemporary scientific discourse. What is extremely important is that social networks are an increasingly common inspiration for changes in the environment. Also relatively popular is the phenomenon of foodsharing — sharing food. The problem raised in this article concerns the identification of development barriers and the perspectives of foodsharing social networks in the space of Polish cities. The aim of the article is to examine awareness and understanding of the concept of foodsharing, its characterization, analysis of the current situation on the Polish market, also in terms of forms of activity based on peer-to-peer solutions. The aim of the work the author implements based on direct observation, analysis of the text of current documents, own surveys.