The basis for the competitiveness of enterprises is conducting research and development, which determines the emergence of new innovative technologies or new products. The factors that cause an increase in the innovativeness of enterprises are different and depend on the size of the enterprise, the industry or the environment of the enterprise. Innovation factors are still the subject of many scientific studies. The article presents a synthesis of literature research and the results of own research concerning the determinants of innovation in enterprises in the Podlaskie Voivodeship. Research indicates that the Podlaskie Voivodeship achieves a high level of innovation activity, especially in the field of product innovation, which results both from the need to catch up on development backlogs and the presence of strong, competitive companies in the region.