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Dr Andrzej Michór
ORCID: 0000-0002-4236-0667

Doctor of Law, assistant professor at the Institute of Legal Sciences at the University of Opole, judge at the Regional Court in Wrocław, 10th Commercial Division. Author of over 100 academic publications, specialising in financial market law, including new technology law and administrative liability.

 
DOI: 10.33226/0137-5490.2025.8.8
JEL: K41, K22

The gloss deals with the issue of imposing administrative sanctions by the financial market supervisory authority, the FSA. This issue is considered in the context of the problem of objectification of administrative liability and judicial control of sanction decisions. These issues have been disputed in doctrine and jurisprudence for years. The position of the Supreme Administrative Court assuming that there is no need to examine culpability when issuing a sanction decision deserves approval. On the other hand, the limitation of verification of such a decision may raise doubts and has been criticised.

Keywords: administrative liability; financial market supervision
DOI: 10.33226/0137-5490.2021.9.5
JEL: K41, K24

The epidemic is a challenge to the justice. The court proceedings' conducting must take into account the principles of epidemiological safety. However, this must not lead to a violation of the rights of parties to court proceedings. Instruments enabling safe conduct of court cases are contained in the Code of Civil Procedure and in the Act of 2 March 2020. The aim of the article is to systematize and discuss the key regulations and institutions that allow for ensuring the proper administration of justice in the current difficult period with the use of the above-mentioned provisions. These solutions are not perfect, they need to be refined and adapted to the current needs and problems arising in the course of court proceedings. They require appropriate technical facilities both on the part of the courts and the parties, as well as skills and willingness to use them.

Keywords: civil proceedings; COVID-19