The article presents the theoretical background related to the issue of sustainable consumption and food waste. The general objective was to examine consumer behavior in the aspect of food waste, assess the perception of this phenomenon, and assess the possibility of reducing waste by introducing sustainable consumption behavior. A survey was conducted on a group of 1,078 Polish consumers. In order to verify what socio-demographic factors and factors related to knowledge and behavior in the aspect of food waste affected the above issues, a regression analysis was performed. The conducted research confirmed that women are more aware of the impact of changing appropriate consumer behaviors on reducing the scale of food waste, probably due to more direct contact with food during shopping and cooking, educated and aware of the high share of households in this phenomenon. The research results indicate that the young age and higher education of respondents influenced the higher awareness of waste as an important socio-economic and environmental problem. The research is not representative, therefore its results can only be applied to the surveyed people.