The article presents the results of research reflecting the essence of optimization in logistics and the requirements related to it. In practice – in the author's opinion – this term is overused due to the lack of awareness that in most decision-making situations, the aim is to rationalize logistics activities and optimization in logistics decisions should consist in clearly defining the criterion and using specific computational model. The article consists of three parts. In the first of them, common features and differences of rationalization and optimization were presented. The second part contains the results of research reflecting the place of optimization models against the background of model typologies. The third part presents logistic optimization models most often used in practice by logistic managers.

One of the priorities of logistics managers is to strive to increase the economic efficiency of logistics processes. The multidimensionality of logistics somehow naturally complicates decision-making and the search for an optimal solution – the optimal logistics decision – is not an unambiguous, obvious undertaking. It is therefore reasonable to define the conditions that must be met in order to talk about making optimal decisions. The described situation is a problematic situation that fundamentally determined the research and the arrangement of the content of the article as the result of this research.

It is extremely important to accumulate international experience, including in the field of logistics support for troops. Recent experiences related to this arose in connection with the participation of Polish Military Contingents in operations outside the country, differentiated by their nature, duration, and external conditions for the operation of separate military units. The article consists of three parts. The first one presents a general description of contemporary operations carried out abroad. The second describes the characteristic features of the national support element operating within the logistic support system of the Polish Military Contingent (PMC). Consequently, the last, third part contains content relating to the possibilities of improving the functioning of NSE, which were formulated on the basis of the latest results of empirical scientific research. The main aim of the article is to present conclusions on this issue.

The identification of logistics costs is a complex issue that is difficult to implement in practice. The efficiency of logistic processes is directly linked to the conduct of economic calculation in logistics and is a fundamental determinant of the design and implementation of these processes, including their management. As a consequence, determining the impact of logistics costs on contemporary logistics processes is associated with the identification of logistics costs properties, their evaluation and determination of the trends in the cost accounting, which is reflected in the content of the article and, consequently, there are presented theoretical and practical requirements to be met in order to make full use of the results to identify the correct amounts of logistics costs for the rationalization of logistics processes in enterprises.

The content of the article presents the results of research reflecting the impact of multi-channel sales on logistic decisions related to the distribution of goods in e-commerce.

The article consists of three parts. In the first of these, the essence of the subscription economics as a modern economic phenomenon was presented. The second part contains the results of research reflecting the properties of electronic distribution channels. The third part presents the main models of physical distribution in e-commerce.

Among the expectations of customers participating in e-commerce, the following prevail: ease of building the assortment, full transfer of market information, ease of purchase and speed of delivery of the purchased product, ease of returning the goods. Therefore, such determinants of logistic customer service create a problem situation that fundamentally determined the research and the arrangement of content as the effect of these studies.