Material Economy and Logistics 04/2021

The identification of logistics costs is a complex issue that is difficult to implement in practice. The efficiency of logistic processes is directly linked to the conduct of economic calculation in logistics and is a fundamental determinant of the design and implementation of these processes, including their management. As a consequence, determining the impact of logistics costs on contemporary logistics processes is associated with the identification of logistics costs properties, their evaluation and determination of the trends in the cost accounting, which is reflected in the content of the article and, consequently, there are presented theoretical and practical requirements to be met in order to make full use of the results to identify the correct amounts of logistics costs for the rationalization of logistics processes in enterprises.

Institutional economics appeared in the United States over a hundred years ago. American economists, unlike European economists, focused their attention to a small extent on theoretical considerations, while they focused more intensively on drawing certain conclusions that would have practical application in economic policy. In institutional terms, logistics is associated with the aspect of the organizational integration of logistic activities, and in the national economy it functions according to several strategies. The main determinants of its operation are sets of methods and theories, which play an important role in logistics.

The aim of the article is to identify and analyze the impact of economic determinants of logistics functioning in the national economy in the approach of institutional economy. The main research problem of the article is an attempt to answer the question: "What economic determinants determine the functioning of logistics in the national economy?".

The article discusses the phenomenon of combating international crime in logistics on the example of controls performed by officers of the National Revenue Administration. The aim of the article is to identify crimes occurring in logistics in relation to: goods, documents, operation of SENT and ANPRS systems and resulting from the activities of entrepreneurs. Characteristics of the use of tools and methods in combating crime in logistics are presented on the example of: SENT control, Automatic Number Plate Recognition System (ANPRS) and criminal analysis. The available statistics on the number of controls performed in 2018–2020 based on SENT controls were analyzed. Selected intra-EU and international institutions and bodies, including those established to combat crime in logistics, were indicated. Examples of unsuccessful attempts to smuggle goods in road transport are presented.

The paper presents research results about the importance of European Union industrial policy for Polish defense sector. The aim of the article is an attempt of description of European Union industrial policy and its opportunities (or threats) resulting for the Polish defense-industrial sector.

As part of the ongoing transformation of military logistics, since 2010, the material security of military units and institutions is carried out within the territorial logistic support system. One of the functions of material support is the provision of supplies. The aim of this article is to indicate the possibility of using courier shipments for material supply in the territorial logistic support system. The main research problem is expressed in the question: Does the material supply of Military Units by Military Economic Branches meet the requirements of the optimal selection of resources from the point of view of the possibility of using courier services? The article contains the results of own research (surveying) and the authors' experience in supplying military units.

Trade in Poland has been changing dynamically for many years. This state of affairs was largely influenced by the increasing access to the Internet, and hence the emergence of new opportunities for concluding commercial transactions without direct contact between the seller and the customer. Facilitations related to selling and buying are not the only advantages of the increasingly important e-commerce. Along with the increasing number of transactions, the dynamic development is noted in logistics, without which no type of trade could exist. It is about both the transport of goods and the flow of information that, thanks to the use of the Internet, quickly reach the customer from the seller.

The study concerns the issues of training logistic staff for the needs of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland. The aim of the publication is to identify the needs of training logistic staff in the logistics system of the Polish Armed Forces. The main research problem is expressed in the question: "In what directions should the educational offer of military universities be directed to meet the needs of the modern and future military labor market in the field of logistics?". The article contains the results of own research (expert interviews) and experiences from the implementation of the educational offer of the War Studies University.